Cancer Detection and Prevention Volume 25 / Issue 2 (Mar-Apr 2001)

Table of Contents and Editor's Notes

The peer review process occasionally results in approval of controversial publications that do not necessarily reflect the viewpoint of the editors. Readers of the journal are encouraged to critically review and comment on presented data by submitting a "Letter to the Editor" that may be reprinted in a subsequent issue.

Sensitive Detection of p53 Mutation Analysis by Direct Sequencing and Multisequence Analysis

Erik H. Rozemuller, PhD, Arvid Kropveld, PhD, Ellen Kreyveld, Fredriek G.J. Leppers, Karen C. Scheidel, Piet J. Slootweg, MD, PhD and Marcel G.J. Tilanus, PhD

Multisequence analysis of all exons permitted detection of six previously unreported somatic polymorphisms in the p53 gene. >>>

Detection of Serum Autoantibodies to Tumor Suppressor Gene p53 with a New Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in Patients with Ovarian Cancer

Dagmar Marx, PhD, Manfred Frey, PhD, H. Zentgraf, PhD, Gesa Adelssen, Alfred Schauer, MD, Walther Kuhn, MD, and Harald Meden, MD

Application of the test revealed autoantibodies in 19% of ovarian cancer patients in complete remission and 30% of ovarian cancer patients at recurrence. No association was observed between autoantibody status and tumor type or initial stage. >>>

Aberrant Expression of Cell-Cycle Regulatory Proteins in Human Mesenchymal Neoplasia

Andrew J. Creager, MD, Jill A. Cohen, MD, and Joseph Geradts, MD

Abnormalities in retinoblastoma were found to be mutually exclusive of abnormalities in cyclin D1 or p16, whereas abnormal expression of p53 appeared independent of the others. Overall 90% of sarcomas showed abnormalities in at least one of these four cell-cycle related proteins compared to 61% of low malignant potential sarcomas (p<.005). >>>

Nonattendance in Mammographic Screening: A Study of Intraurban Differences in Malmo, Sweden, 1990-1994

Sophia Matson, MD, Ingvar Andersson MD, PhD, Göran Berglund MD, PhD, Lars Janzon MD, PhD, and Jonas Manjer, MD

Older age and a lower socioeconomic status score correlated with lack of participation in mammographic screening in this Swedish study of 32,605 women between the ages of 45 and 68 years old. Overall, the nonattendance rate ranged from 23% to 43%. >>>

Early Indicators of the Effect of a Breast Cancer Screening Program for Low-Income Women

Mario Schootman, PhD and Laurence J. Fuortes, MD

A program aimed at low-income women without health insurance screened 18.4% of the eligible women in Iowa in 1998. Larger proportions of eligible minority women than eligible white women were screened. The breast cancer detection rate in the screened population was about three times higher than incidence rates of historical data. >>>

A Meta-Analysis of Mammography Screening Promotion

Pamela A. Ratner, PhD, RN, Joan L. Bottorff, PhD, RN, Joy L. Johnson, PhD, RN, Richard Cook, PhD and Chris Y Novato, PhD

A review of 69 studies promoting mammography found community-targeted interventions to be more successful than clinic-targeted interventions. Success did not depend on whether a program focused on factors that predisposed, enabled or reinforced the behavior of getting a mammogram. >>>

Rhesus D-Phenotype Does Not Provide Prognostic Information Additional to TNM Staging in Gastric Cancer Patients

Giovanni de Mansion, MD, Giuseppe Verlato, MD, Alberto Di Leo, MD, Sebastiano Tasselli, MD, Michele Bonfigilo, MD, Corrado Pedrazzani, MD, Alfredo Guglielmi, MD, and Claudio Cordiano, MD

Rate of Rh D- phenotype in a cohort of 268 Italian gastric cancer patients (11.9%) was not significantly different from controls (15%). Gastric cancer patients with Rh D- phenotype were more likely than Rh D+ patients to present with more advanced disease and have residual tumor after resection, but overall survival was not different. >>>

Routine Endoscopy Using Electronic Endoscopes for Gastric Cancer Diagnosis: Retrospective Study of Inconsistencies Between Endoscopic and Biopsy Diagnoses

Hisao Tajiri, MD, Atsushi Ohtsu, MD, Narikazu Boku, MD, Manabu Muto, MD, Keisho Chin, MD, Shigemi Matsumoto, MD, and Shigeaki Yoshida, MD

Of 5,640 patients, 1.2% false positive and 1.5% false negative endoscopic diagnoses were found compared to biopsy. Inaccurate endoscopic diagnosis were more likely for small or depressed tumors, and for tumors located in the upper to middle third of the stomach from the lesser curvature to the posterior wall. >>>

Measuring Complete Diagnostic Evaluation in Colorectal Cancer Screening

Ronald E. Myers, PhD, Gary Fishbein, MD, MPH, Terry Hyslop, BS, Walter W Hauck, PhD, Michael Kutch, BS, James R. Grana, MD, and Neil Schlackman, MD

Various methods were compared for measuring follow-through with complete diagnostic evaluation in 120 patients with positive fecal occult blood tests. A combined internal chart review by physicians and administrative data review of electronic claims were most sensitive in this managed care cohort. >>>

Investigating the Role of Immunomodulation for Colon Cancer Prevention: Results of an In Vivo Dose Escalation Trial of Levamisole with Immunologic Endpoints

Randall F Holcombe, MD, Tatiana Milovanovic Ruby M. Stewart, and Tessa M. Brodhag

A low dose of levamisole resulted in a significant increase in natural killer antigen expression in blood mononuclear cells. Serum cytokine levels appeared unaltered. Synergy between low dose levamisole and IL-12 in induction of a Th1 cytokine response was demonstrated by in vitro assay. >>>

The Role of Duck Hepatitis B Virus and Aflatoxin B₁, in the Induction of Oxidative Stress in the Liver

Luc Barraud, Thierry Douki, Sylviane Guerret, Michele Chevallier, Catherine Jamard, Christian Trepo, Christopher P Wild, Jean Cadet and Lucyna Cova

Aflatoxin treatment increased hepadnavirus production, and also to increased superoxide dismutase activity. Neither viral infection nor aflatoxin altered other measures of oxidative stress. >>>

Cytokeratin 20 as an Immunocytochemical Marker for Detection of Urothelial Carcinoma in Atypical Cytology: Preliminary Retrospective Study on Archived Urine Slides.

Suhua Lin, Sharon L. Hirschowitz, Carol Williams, Peter Shintako, Jonathan Said, and JianYu Rao, MD

The sensitivity and specificity for transitional cell carcinoma of cytokeratin 20 positivity (>5% positive non-umbrella cells) in archived urine cytologies was 94% and 80%. All “false positive” cases were from patients with a previous history of transitional cell neoplasia, potentially indicating a “field effect”. >>>

Ki-67: A Proliferative Marker that May Predict Pulmonary Metastases and Mortality of Primary Osteosarcoma

Norma A. Hernández-Rodríguez, MD, Elma Correa, MD, Rita Sotelo, MD, Adriana Contreras-Paredes, MD, Celedonio Gomez-Ruiz, MD, Leon Green, MD, and Alejandro Mohar, MD

Ki-67 staining of more than 50% of nuclei in osteosarcoma predicted pulmonary metastasis and tumor mortality. >>>

Herbert E. Nieburgs, MD
Worcester, MA
2001