| A |
absorbance |
| ACTH |
adrenocorticotropin |
| ADP, etc. |
the 5'(pryo)-diphosphates of adenosine, etc |
| ALP |
alkaline phosphatase |
| AMP, GMP, IMP, UMP, CMP, TMP |
the 5'-phosphates of ribosyladenine, -guanine,
-inosine, -uracil, -cytosine, and -thymine |
| cAmp |
cyclic AMP |
| dAMP, dGMP, dIMP |
the 5'-phosphates of 2'-deoxyribosyladenine, etc |
| ATP, etc. |
the 5'(pyro)-triphosphates of adenosine, etc |
| ATPase |
adenosine triphosatase |
| bp |
base pair |
| BrdU |
bromodeoxyuridine |
| BSA |
bovine serum albumin |
| °C |
degree Celsius (Centigrade) |
| CHO |
Chinese hamster ovary |
| cpm |
counts per minute |
| cps |
counts per second |
| CoA, acyl-CoA |
coenzyme A and its acetylderivatives (e.g.,
acetyl) |
| D |
diffusion coefficient |
| DNP |
dinotrophenyl |
| DEAE |
diethylaminoethyl |
| DMSO |
dimethyl sulfoxide |
| DNA |
deoxyribonucleic acid |
| cDNA |
complementary DNA |
| Dnase |
deoxyribonuclease |
| dpm |
disintegrations per minute |
| dps |
disintegrations per second |
| EAE |
ethylaminoethyl |
| ECM |
extracellular matrix |
| EDTA |
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
| EGFP |
enhanced green fluorescent protein |
| EGTA |
ethyleneglycol-bis
(beta-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic |
| ELISA |
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| EM |
electron microscopy |
| eq |
equivalent |
| °F |
degree Farenheit |
| FACS® |
fluorescence-activated cell sorter |
| FBS |
fetal bovine serum |
| FCS |
fetal calf serum |
| FISH |
fluorescent in situ hybridization |
| g |
acceleration of gravity |
| H |
enthalpy (ΔH, enthalpy change) |
| HBSS |
Hanks' balanced salt solution |
| HPLC |
high-performance liquid chromatography |
| IFN |
interferon |
| Ig |
immuoglobulin |
| IU |
international unit(s) |
| IR |
infrared |
| K |
equilibrium constant |
| Ki |
inibition constant |
| Km |
Michaelis constant |
| ln |
logarithm (natural) |
| log |
logarithm (Briggsian) |
| m |
meta |
| Mr |
molecular weight |
| MEM |
Eagle's minimum essential medium |
| NAD+ |
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
| NADH |
NAD+ reduced |
| NADP |
NAD+ phosphate |
| NADPH |
NADP reduced; (DPN+, TPN+ and
their reduced forms are not acceptable.) |
| ND |
not determined |
| no. |
number |
| NS |
not significant |
| o |
ortho |
| osmol |
osmole |
| osM |
osmolar |
| p |
para |
| P |
probability |
| P1, PP1 |
orthophosphate, pyrophosphate |
| PAGE |
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
| PBS |
phosphate-buffered saline |
| PCR |
polymerase chain reaction |
| POPOP |
1,4-bis[2-(5-phenyloxazolyl)]benzene |
| PPO |
2,5-diphenyloxazole |
| r |
correlation coefficient |
| Rf |
retardation factor |
| RBC, WBC |
red blood cell(s), white blood cell(s) |
| RAI |
radioimmunoassay |
| RNA |
ribonucleic acid |
| mRNA |
messenger RNA |
| nRNA |
nuclear RNA |
| rRNA |
ribosomal RNA |
| tRNA |
transfer RNA |
| sRNA |
(not recommended for RNA preparations that accept amino
acids) |
| RNase |
ribonuclease |
| rpm |
revolutions per minute |
| RT-PCR |
reverse transcriptase PCR |
| s |
sedimentation coefficient |
| s20.w |
sedimentation coefficient in water at 20° |
| S |
Svedberg unit |
| SD |
standard deviation |
| SE |
standard error of the mean |
| sec |
secondary |
| t½ |
half-life, half-time |
| TGF |
transforming growth factor |
| TEAE |
triethylaminoethyl |
| tert |
tertiary |
| TNF |
tumor necrosis factor |
| TUNEL |
Tdt-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling |
| U |
unit |
| UV |
ultraviolet |
| Vmax |
maximum velocity |
Abbreviations